\u00cen democra\u0163ie, oricine poate spune, \u00een public, c\u0103 tr\u0103ie\u015fte \u00een democra\u0163ie. \u00cen dictatur\u0103, \u00eens\u0103, nimeni nu poate spune, \u00een public, f\u0103r\u0103 grija repercusiunilor imediate, c\u0103 tr\u0103ie\u015fte \u00een dictatur\u0103.<\/p>\n
Concluzia este \u2013 trebuie s\u0103 fie \u2013 pe \u00een\u0163elesul tuturor: democra\u0163ia are con\u015ftiin\u0163\u0103 de sine public\u0103 \u015fi poate fi exprimat\u0103, indiferent de situa\u0163ie, ca democra\u0163ie. Nimeni \u015fi nimic nu o poate reprima \u00een condi\u0163ia sa funciar\u0103. \u00cen schimb, dictatura nu are con\u015ftiin\u0163\u0103 de sine public\u0103 \u015fi nu poate fi exprimat\u0103, \u00een toate situa\u0163iile imaginabile, ca dictatur\u0103. \u00cen plus, to\u0163i \u015fi totul poate fi reprimat \u00een numele s\u0103u \u015fi \u00een virtutea \u00eense\u015fi originii de la care se reclam\u0103.<\/p>\n
Am notat, pe scurt, ceea ce pare a fi diferen\u0163a \u201eontic\u0103\u201d dintre democra\u0163ie \u015fi dictatur\u0103, a\u015fa cum apare ea din perspectiva celui care vorbe\u015fte fie despre una, fie despre alta; \u015fi nu din unghiurile tradi\u0163ionale de vedere: politic ori social. Ele sunt deja mult prea evidente \u00een paradigma oric\u0103rei (alte) compara\u0163ii.<\/p>\n
Am hot\u0103r\u00e2t, deci, s\u0103 a\u015ftern pe h\u00e2rtie dimensiunea retoric\u0103 a democra\u0163iei \u015fi a dictaturii<\/em>, privite, ambele, dinspre diferen\u0163a esen\u0163ial\u0103 care le unific\u0103 \u00eentr-un numitor comun retoric.<\/p>\n O \u201ezicere\u201d, din ce \u00een ce mai spus\u0103 \u00een zilele lui 2010, mi-a atras aten\u0163ia asupra faptului, pe care nu \u00eel remarcasem \u00eenainte, c\u0103 democra\u0163ia \u015fi dictatura sunt, p\u00e2n\u0103 a deveni sisteme politice \u015fi sociale fondate pe o paradigm\u0103 \u2013 sau alta \u2013 ideologic\u0103 \u2013, simple figuri de stil. Ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 nici democra\u0163ia, nici dictatura nu poate ajunge \u201edemocratic\u0103\u201d sau \u201edictatorial\u0103\u201d \u00eenainte ca ideologia, din care sistemele lor politice \u015fi sociale se nasc, s\u0103 nu apeleze la originea retoric\u0103 a democra\u0163iei \u015fi a dictaturii.<\/p>\n Sintagma, tot mai r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 \u00een verbiajul contemporan, care m-a f\u0103cut s\u0103 p\u0103trund p\u00e2n\u0103 la dimensiunea retoric\u0103 a democra\u0163iei \u015fi a dictaturii, sun\u0103 cam a\u015fa: \u201eNoi, \u00een fond, tr\u0103im \u00een (plin\u0103) dictatur\u0103\u201d.<\/p>\n Dac\u0103 nu a\u015f fi auzit, \u00een spa\u0163iul public al tuturor, c\u0103 noi, \u00een fond, ne afl\u0103m \u00een (plin\u0103) dictatur\u0103, probabil c\u0103 nu a\u015f fi sesizat niciodat\u0103 dimensiunea retoric\u0103 \u2013 originar\u0103 \u2013 a democra\u0163iei \u015fi a dictaturii. \u015ei, la fel, dac\u0103 nu mi-ar fi ajuns la cuno\u015ftin\u0163\u0103 o astfel de \u201ezicere\u201d, probabil c\u0103 niciodat\u0103 nu mi-a\u015f fi dat seama c\u00e2t de absurd\u0103 \u015fi logic imposibil\u0103 poate fi, tocmai fiindc\u0103 este, o astfel de afirma\u0163ie aparent banal\u0103 \u015fi inocent\u0103.<\/p>\n Dar, judec\u00e2nd mai \u00eendeaproape acest produs finit al vorbirii publice, absurditatea \u015fi imposibilitatea sa logic\u0103 devin imediat evidente.<\/p>\n Nu vreau s\u0103 predau, de fapt, inefabilul. Totu\u015fi, am s\u0103 las pe tabl\u0103 o schi\u0163\u0103 ajut\u0103toare, pe care o pun s\u0103 vorbeasc\u0103 \u00een locul meu.<\/p>\n Dac\u0103, \u00een spa\u0163iul public, se poate enun\u0163a, f\u0103r\u0103 teama repercusiunilor orchestrate, c\u0103 noi, \u00een fond, travers\u0103m o dictatur\u0103 absolut\u0103, e clar c\u0103, de fapt, noi suntem \u00eentr-o democra\u0163ie pe care, inten\u0163ionat, o relativiz\u0103m, vr\u00e2nd practic s\u0103 o deturn\u0103m, strict \u00een registru retoric. \u015ei nu poate fi dec\u00e2t un singur rezultat al unei astfel de opera\u0163ii tropice<\/em>: democra\u0163ia se transform\u0103, pentru vorbitor, \u00een eufemism al dictaturii, care, la r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u, devine metafor\u0103 a democra\u0163iei.<\/p>\n Procesul \u00een sine e c\u00e2t se poate de simplu. Cine \u2013 \u00een fond, oricine \u2013 are libertatea s\u0103 strige \u00een gura mare, v\u0103it\u00e2ndu-se ne\u00eengr\u0103dit \u00een public, c\u0103 e silit s\u0103 \u00ee\u015fi duc\u0103 zilele \u00een dictatur\u0103, practic sl\u0103be\u015fte \u00een\u0163elesul originar al dictaturii, pe care o liberalizeaz\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een chiar marginile democra\u0163iei \u00eense\u015fi. A\u015fa se face c\u0103, \u00een variant\u0103 soft, democra\u0163ia ajunge s\u0103 fie o dictatur\u0103 \u201emoale\u201d (sau vattimian \u201eslab\u0103\u201d: debole<\/em>), \u00een care \u0163i se permite s\u0103 zici despre ea inclusiv c\u0103 e dictatur\u0103. Iar \u00eembl\u00e2nzirea \u015fi netezirea conturului unui sens este \u00eens\u0103\u015fi defini\u0163ia eufemismului. Dar \u015fi reciproca e tot at\u00e2t de valabil\u0103: dictatura se transform\u0103 \u00een metafor\u0103 a democra\u0163iei din aceea\u015fi iner\u0163ie retorizant\u0103 a celui care, probabil \u015fi crez\u00e2nd sincer \u00een ce zice, afirm\u0103 c\u00e2t se poate de r\u0103spicat c\u0103 nu mai poate tr\u0103i \u00een (plin\u0103) dictatur\u0103. Altfel cum ar fi posibil, \u00een fond, ca \u00eentreaga alc\u0103tuire politic\u0103 \u015fi social\u0103 a dictaturii s\u0103 fie transferat\u0103, gra\u0163ie verbiajului din spa\u0163iul public, \u00een \u00eens\u0103\u015fi fibra democra\u0163iei, \u00eens\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eei \u015fi afecteze \u00een vreun fel func\u0163ionalitatea politic\u0103 \u015fi social\u0103? Desigur, a\u015fa ceva e posibil numai dac\u0103 \u00een\u0163elegem dictatura, pretins\u0103 \u015fi afi\u015fat\u0103 \u00een discursul public al vorbitorului, ca metafor\u0103 (cea mai folosit\u0103 dintre toate figurile de stil, nu?) \u2013 combativ\u0103 \u015fi combatant\u0103, recunosc \u2013 a chiar democra\u0163iei.<\/p>\n \u00cen plus, oare nu \u00eens\u0103\u015fi anun\u0163area, apocaliptic\u0103, a sosirii printre noi a dictaturii \u00eei anuleaz\u0103 orice \u015fans\u0103 de a \u00eenlocui democra\u0163ia?<\/p>\n \u00cen sf\u00e2r\u015fit, m\u0103 pot \u00eentreba, cu \u00eendrept\u0103\u0163ire, recurg\u00e2nd fie \u015fi numai la experien\u0163a ultimei jum\u0103t\u0103\u0163i a secolului trecut: cine<\/em> putea \u2013 cine avea curajul absolut sinuciga\u015f \u2013 s\u0103 reclame \u00een public (sau \u00een prelucrarea sa ideologic\u0103) omniprezen\u0163a \u015fi omnipoten\u0163a dictaturii?\ufeff<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00cen democra\u0163ie, oricine poate spune, \u00een public, c\u0103 tr\u0103ie\u015fte \u00een democra\u0163ie. \u00cen dictatur\u0103, \u00eens\u0103, nimeni nu poate spune, \u00een public, f\u0103r\u0103 grija repercusiunilor imediate, c\u0103 tr\u0103ie\u015fte \u00een dictatur\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[295],"tags":[301,196],"class_list":["post-1065","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-jurnal-eidotomic","tag-jurnal-eidotomic","tag-patrick-calinescu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jurnaleidotomic.egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1065","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jurnaleidotomic.egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jurnaleidotomic.egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jurnaleidotomic.egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jurnaleidotomic.egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1065"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/jurnaleidotomic.egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1065\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1067,"href":"https:\/\/jurnaleidotomic.egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1065\/revisions\/1067"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jurnaleidotomic.egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1065"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jurnaleidotomic.egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1065"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jurnaleidotomic.egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1065"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}